Earth as rendered by PENUMBRA — sunrise terminator dividing day and night, city lights glowing on the dark side, pixelated blue ocean and white clouds on the lit side.

PENUMBRA

Earth Sequencer

Earth's sunrise terminator is the playhead.

地球の昼夜境界線が、プレイヘッドになる。

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penumbra.kosame.work

01

About

作品

PENUMBRA is an earth sequencer — a new form of generative music in which the sunrise terminator, the line of dawn that travels around Earth once every 24 hours, acts as a planetary playhead.

What sounds at any given moment is determined by what the line of dawn is currently passing over: the topography, the climate, the human activity, the earthquakes that have occurred in the last 81 minutes. The work has no composer in the moment. Earth plays itself through the device.

You are hearing right now the sound of Earth as it actually is, in this exact instant, in timezone-independent UTC time. So is everyone else who has the work open.

02

Mechanism

仕組み

A line called the sunrise terminator divides Earth into day and night. Because Earth rotates once every 24 hours, this line moves westward across the planet, always tracing the boundary between night and dawn. PENUMBRA uses this line — and only this line — as a sequencer playhead.

Earth Layer
Non-human Earth sound. Drone, wind, water, rain texture, formant. The terrain itself sounds: deep ocean trenches in low frequencies, high mountains in high frequencies.
Human Musical Layer
Tonal plucks emerge from nightlight — wherever humans live. The grid of permitted frequencies follows one of eight tuning kernels distributed geographically across the planet.
Earthquake Percussion
Any earthquake within the last 81 minutes, within the line's reach, sounds as percussion. No magnitude threshold. No special treatment.
03

Philosophy

思想

The Earth does not judge. PENUMBRA does not celebrate sunrises and does not mourn earthquakes. Earth itself does not distinguish between rhythm and disaster, between the beautiful and the catastrophic. We do. The work attempts, as far as is possible for a human-made artifact, to sound Earth on Earth's terms.

It may sound, or it may not. The work makes no promise that any particular event will be heard. A magnitude 8 earthquake that occurs 90 minutes before the line reaches it will not sound. This is not a flaw. It is the work's stance.

When you open PENUMBRA, the Earth at that moment may be quiet, or it may be intense. Beautiful moments and tedious moments are equal in this work.

04

The Signature

作者の署名
81
minutes · 分

The earthquake time window in this work is 81 minutes. At 5:46 AM JST on January 17, 1995, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake struck Awaji Island in Japan. I, then a child of seven, experienced this earthquake from Osaka. Sunrise in Kobe, near the epicenter, occurred at 7:06 AM that day. The difference is 81 minutes.

Thirty years later, while designing this work, I realized that PENUMBRA was a device that sounded earthquakes occurring near dawn. The choice of 81 minutes emerged from this realization. Earthquakes are not wished for. I hope none occur. But PENUMBRA is a device that sounds earthquakes, and this property does not waver. The value remains as a signature inscribed into the device's parameters — the mark of an event no one could prevent, made by someone who experienced it.

05

In the event of a disaster

災害発生時のお願い

⚠ Please read · 必ずお読みください

If a natural disaster occurs near you, your safety is the first priority.
PENUMBRA is an artistic work, not a disaster monitoring service.
This work is not actively monitored at all times.
Please follow official guidance and evacuate if necessary.

PENUMBRA will continue without you.
You are more important than this stream.
06

Notes

技術と帰属

PENUMBRA runs entirely in your browser. No server holds the state. The work calculates the terminator's position from current UTC and Earth's axial tilt, and renders sound and visuals locally. Earthquake data is fetched from the USGS; weather data from Open-Meteo. All other data — elevation, ocean depth, OpenStreetMap features, night lights, tuning kernels — is bundled with the work itself.

License AGPL-3.0 Author kosame Year 2026 Stack Three.js · Tone.js · AudioWorklet
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